网上有关“否定的前缀和后缀”话题很是火热,小编也是针对否定的前缀和后缀寻找了一些与之相关的一些信息进行分析,如果能碰巧解决你现在面临的问题,希望能够帮助到您。
(Prefixes and suffixes)
增添词缀,即前缀或后缀,使原来的词由肯定意义化为否定意义。常用的否定前缀有ab- / dis- / il- / ill- / im- / in- / ir- / mis- / non- / un-等,否定后缀有-less / -free等,例如:
--It is abnormal for him to walk in his sleep. (梦游症)
--This will disqualify (使…没有资格) him from taking part in the game.
--The ship was leaky (漏) and very much disabled.
--Your remark is ill-timed.
--Every word he said was impossible of belief.
--The new evidence has completely invalidated(使…站不住脚)his theory.
--To be afraid of the number 13 is irrational.
--He bore (忍受) his misfortunes bravely.
--On the sea there were fleets of nondescript ships—converted yachts,riverboats,tugs and barges. (在海上有成批的无法归类的船只——改装的游艇、河里的小船、拖船和驳船。)
--Such criticism is meaningless.
--The cause of the accident remains unknown to us.
--Water is incompatible (不相容)with fire.
--She is getting impatient.
--The method of working is useless.
--She is reckless of consequence. (她是不顾后果的。)
--She dislikes being spoken to like this.
--The sea is ice-free.
--He bought two bottles of wine at the duty-free (免税) shop.
上述否定词缀一般都表示否定,但是有时有些否定词缀(前缀,后缀)并不表示否定。例如:
--Thank you for your invaluable (宝贵的) help.
--That nurse was indifferent (冷漠) to the sufferings of the patients.
--Oil is inflammable. (油容易燃烧。)
--Something seems to have unloosed her tongue.(不知什么事情使她说个没完。)
--Styles come and go,but good taste is timeless.(风格随时在变,而风雅是永恒的。)
--He’s a shameless (无耻) liar.
--Works of art,historical monuments and priceless history records were ruthlessly destroyed. (艺术品、历史上遗留下来的纪念品以及珍贵的历史文献惨遭破坏。)
注意:英语中的前缀in-,un-通常表示“不”或“…的相反”的含义,因此由其构成的派生词一般具有否定的意义。然而,有些由这两个前缀构成的派生词并非有否定的意义,而与词根同义或近义。著名学者周海中教授在《in-,un-不一定表示“否定”》一文中就举了若干个例子,如:coming/incoming(来到),habit/inhabit(居住于),loose/unloose(解开,释放),rip/unrip(撕开)等。这类派生词虽然不多,但值得注意,勿望词生义。
des很少用作前缀,dis开头的单词大多数含有否定的含义,而des则有离,去的意思。dis和un有一定区别,dis有相反、发散的意思,如discrete, disorder,dissever.
1、表示?不,相反动作,例如:
disorder 混乱,凌乱;动乱,骚乱;不正当行为;(身心机能的)失调; 使混乱,使凌乱;扰乱
例句:His financial affairs were in complete disorder. 他的财务完全是一笔糊涂账。
disappear:不见,消失;不复存在,灭绝
例句:The plane disappeared behind a cloud. 飞机消失在云层里。
discourage:使气馁;使沮丧;阻碍;劝阻
例句:His parents tried to discourage him from being an actor. 他的父母试图阻止他去当演员。
2、表示?分开,分离,例如:
disseminate:散布,传播
例句:He promoted the dissemination of scientific ideas. 他推动了科学观念的传播。
dispense:分配,分给;实施,施行;免除,豁免;配(药); 特许,豁免
例句:The machine dispenses a range of drinks and snacks. 这台机器发售各种饮料和小吃。
扩展资料:
英语中有许多表示否定的前缀,主要有:dis- ,in- ,im- ,il- ,ir-,un- ,mis- ,non-,dis-,de-,anti- ,counter-等。
dis主要加在名词、形容词,动词之前,disadvantage缺点、dishonorable不光彩的、disagree不同意。in-常加在形容词,名词之前。im-加在字母m,b,p之前。il-主要加在以1开头的单词的前边。
ir-放在以r开头的英语单词前面。un-主要放于名词,形容词,副词前面。non-加在形容词、名词前。mis-加在动词、名词前。de-加在名词、形容词前。anti-加在名词、形容词前边。counter-加在名词、动词前。
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本文概览:网上有关“否定的前缀和后缀”话题很是火热,小编也是针对否定的前缀和后缀寻找了一些与之相关的一些信息进行分析,如果能碰巧解决你现在面临的问题,希望能够帮助到您。(Prefixes...
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